What are the Types and Signs of Nursing Home Abuse?
The National Council on Aging recognizes the following types of abuse as serious problems: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional or psychological abuse, neglect, abandonment, financial or material exploitation, and self-neglect. Abandonment and self-neglect are not directly tied to nursing homes. Let’s take a closer look at the types of abuse that are prevalent in elderly care facilities.
Physical Abuse
Physical abuse occurs when any physical force results in bodily injury, physical pain, or impairment. Nursing home staff members may strike, hit, beat, push, shove, shake, slap, kick, pinch, or burn residents. The inappropriate use of drugs or physical restraints is also considered physical abuse.
Your loved one may be a victim of physical abuse if they have bruises, welts, lacerations, broken bones, open wounds, broken glasses, or untreated injuries. If a caregiver refuses to allow you or other visitors to see your loved one alone, be suspicious.
Sexual Abuse
Sexual abuse is defined as non-consensual contact of any kind with an older person. If the person cannot give consent, it is also considered sexual abuse.
The signs of sexual abuse include bruises, unexplained venereal diseases or infections, unexplained bleeding, and torn clothing.
Emotional or Psychological Abuse
Emotional or psychological abuse occurs when anguish, pain, or distress is inflicted through verbal or nonverbal acts. Examples include verbal assaults, insults, threats, intimidation, humiliation, and harassment. Psychological abuse can also occur when an elderly person is isolated from their family or fellow residents.
While emotional abuse is not visible to the eye, the signs and symptoms may include being emotionally upset or agitated, being too withdrawn or noncommunicative, or acting out of character.
Neglect
Neglect is a broader category of abuse; however, it is defined as the refusal or failure to fulfill any part of a person’s obligations or duties to an elder. This typically includes failing to provide life necessities like food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medicine, comfort, and personal safety.
If your loved one is a victim of neglect, they may be dehydrated, malnourished, or dirty. They may have untreated health problems, or they may be living in unsafe or unsanitary living conditions.
Financial or Material Exploitation
Elders are at risk of being financially exploited. Financial or material exploitation is defined as the illegal use of an elder’s funds, property, or assets. If nursing home caregivers have access to bank accounts or credit card information, they may abuse that knowledge. Examples of financial or material exploitation include cashing a check without permission, forging a signature, misusing or stealing money or possessions, or the improper use of power of attorney.
If your loved one is being taken advantage of financially, you may notice sudden changes in their bank account, the inclusion of additional names on bank accounts or powers of attorney, abrupt changes in a will, unexplained money transfers, or unexplained disappearances of valuables.